Index

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>Main index

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Alphabetical Index A Accolé form - the "edge" parasite, most closely associated with P.falciparum though certainly not restricted to this species Aldolase - see Pan Malarial Antigens Amoeboid forms - a particular description applied to the irregular solid late trophozoites from P.vivax, very typical of the species Angular forms - a solid late trophozoite form that appears angular in shape, most closely associated with P.malarie Appliqué” form - see accolé form B Banana gametocyte - the curved elongated form of the gametocyte of P.falicparum Band form - in P.malariae (and also P.knowlesi) the late trophozoite may form band across the infected erythrocyte Basket form - angular or irregular cytoplasm encloses the vacuole, with pigment evident, mainly seen in P.malarie C Central chromatin dot - the chromatin dot appears to lie within the vacuole of a ring form, may be more frequent in P.malariae' Comet form - a feature of P.ovale where the combination of elongation and fimbriation is said to resemble of comet Crenation of red cells - the red cells in P.falciparum may become crenated following parasite invasion Claearnce of parasite antigens from blood - following successful treatment parasite antigens are cleraed at different rates. Cytoplasmic dots - an overview of the dot-like structures present in malaria species D Daisy head schizont - schizonts with a central area of pigment surrounded by petal like merozoites Distrorted erythrocyte shape - the parasite modifies the shape of the infected erythrocyte, most characteristic of P.vivax Double chromatin dot forms - trophozoites in which the chramatin forms two roughly equal dots Dual species infection - in some instances infection occurs simultaneously with two different species E Ex-flagellation - see Storage changes Edge form - see accolé form F Fimbriation - irregular projections of the erythrocyte membrane seen mainly in P.ovale Pan Malarial Antigens (pAldolase and p-panLDH) H Haemozoin - see malaria pigment Histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) - A specific antigen for P.falciparumused in RDT tests. Histidine-rich protein 2 gene deletions (HRP2) - Deletion mutations specific or this gene can affect RDT sensitivity J James' dots - frequent red-purple dots in the cytoplasm of P.ovale infected erythrocytes L pan-malarial LDH (p-panLDH) - see Pan Malarial Antigens Lactate Dehydrogenase (species-specific form) (pLDH/pvLDH forms) - the malaria-species specific form of LDH, may have species-sepicicity M Malaria pigment - tbrown or gold masses within the cytoplasm of infected red cells or overlying parasites Maurer's dots and clefts - blue dots or short linear structures seen in P.falciparum infected red cells Macrogametocytes & Microgametocytes - male and female forms of malarial gametocytes differ in size Multiple parasites - more than one parasite seen within an infected erythrocyte, more frequently seen in P.falciparum P Phagocytosed malaria pigment - malaria pigment is released into the blood as schizonts rupture and is phaocytosed by neutrophils or monocytes Pigment - see malaria pigment Prozone_like_effect_Index - A rare but important cause of test failure R RDT: test failure - practical causes for a failure of an RDT test to produce a control line RDT: cross-reactive antibodies - causes of a "false positive" RDT result RDT detection limits -sensitivity limitations of these tests should be understood RDT causes of poor performance -sensitivity limitations of these tests should be understood Ring forms - probably the most familiar and frequently encountered parasite form S Schüffner's dots - frequent red-purple dots that arise in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes infected by P.vivax Schizont - clinical images - an image guide to the cycles of replication leading to schizont release Sinton and Mulligan's stippling - fine and faint cytoplamic dots seen in some later developmental forms of P.knowlesi Size_and_shape_index - the size and shape of red cells containing parasites varies between species Staining pH - the pH of the malaria stain can significantly affect the parasite and erythrocyte appearances Storage changes - if there is delayed fil-spreading recognisable changes may occur as parasites continue to develop. Z Ziemann's dots - faint cytoplasmic dots that may be detected in P.malariae