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>Main malaria Index

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INDEX OF MINOR PAGES

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A

Accolé form - the "edge" parasite, most closely associated with P.falciparum though certainly not restricted to this species

Aldolase - see Pan Malarial Antigens

Amoeboid forms - a particular description applied to the irregular solid late trophozoites from P.vivax, very typical of the species

Angular forms - a solid late trophozoite form that appears angular in shape, most closely associated with P.malariae

Appliqué” form - see accolé form

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B

Babesia

Banana gametocyte - the curved elongated form of the gametocyte of P.falicparum

Band form - in P.malariae (and also P.knowlesi) the late trophozoite may form band across the infected erythrocyte

Basket form - see angular form

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C

Central chromatin dot - the chromatin dot appears to lie within the vacuole of a ring form, may be more frequent in P.malariae'

Circulating schizonts in P.falciparum - a potential feature of severity in this species

Comet form - a feature of P.ovale where the combination of elongation and fimbriation is said to resemble of comet

Crenation of red cells - the red cells in P.falciparum may become crenated see Size and shape of red cells

Clearance of parasite antigens from blood - following successful treatment parasite antigens are cleraed at different rates.

Cytoplasmic dots - an overview of the dot-like structures present in malaria species

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D

Daisy head schizont - schizonts with a central area of pigment surrounded by petal like merozoites

Distrorted erythrocyte shape - see Size and shape of red cells

Double chromatin dot forms - trophozoites in which the chramatin forms two roughly equal dots

Dual species infection - in some instances infection occurs simultaneously with two different species

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E

Ex-flagellation - see Storage changes

Edge form - see Accolé form

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F

Fimbriation - irregular membrane projections seen mainly in P.ovale see Comet form

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H

Haemozoin - see Malaria pigment

Histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) - A specific antigen for P.falciparumused in RDT tests.

Histidine-rich protein 2 gene deletions (HRP2) - Deletion mutations specific or this gene can affect RDT sensitivity

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J

James' dots - frequent red-purple dots in the cytoplasm of P.ovale infected erythrocytes (see Cytoplasmic dots)

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L

LDH pan-malarial form - see Pan-malarial antigens

Lactate Dehydrogenase (species-specific form) (pLDH/pvLDH forms) - the malaria-species specific form of LDH, may have species-sepicicity

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M

Malaria pigment - brown or gold masses within the cytoplasm of infected red cells or overlying parasites

Maurer's dots and clefts - blue dots or short linear structures seen in P.falciparum infected red cells

Macrogametocytes & Microgametocytes - male and female forms of malarial gametocytes differ in size

Multiple parasites - more than one parasite seen within an infected erythrocyte, more frequently seen in P.falciparum

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O

Oval cell shape - typical of the erythrocytes of P.ovale see Size and shape of red cells

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P

Pan-malarial antigens (pAldolase and p-panLDH)

Phagocytosed malaria pigment - free malaria pigment is phagocytosed by neutrophils or monocytes

Pigment - see Malaria pigment

Prozone-like effect - A rare but important cause of RDT failure

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R

RDT: test failure - practical causes for a failure of an RDT test to produce a control line

RDT: cross-reactive antibodies - causes of a "false positive" RDT result

RDT: detection limits -sensitivity limitations of these tests should be understood

RDT detection sensitivity for different species - limitations of detection for individual malarial species

RDT: causes of poor performance -sensitivity limitations of these tests should be understood

Ring forms - probably the most familiar and frequently encountered parasite form

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S

Schüffner's dots - frequent red-purple dots in erythrocytes infected by P.vivax (see Cytoplasmic dots)

Schizont - clinical images - an image guide to the cycles of replication leading to schizont release

Sinton and Mulligan's stippling - cytoplamic dots seen in P.knowlesi (see Cytoplasmic dots)

Size and shape of red cells - the size and shape of red cells containing parasites varies between species

Staining pH - the pH of the malaria stain can significantly affect the parasite and erythrocyte appearances

Storage changes - if there is delayed-spreading recognisable changes may occur as parasites continue to develop.

Synchronicity of malaria parasite development - sometimes a single parasite stage is found in blood

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Z

Ziemann's dots - faint cytoplasmic dots that may be detected in P.malariae (see Cytoplasmic dots)

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