Actions

RDT test: formats of tests: Difference between revisions

From MalariaETC

(Created page with "{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: none; border-width: 2px; border-color: gainsboro; color:black" |colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: gainsboro |'''TEST FORMATS''' |} <span style="font-size:90%">'''Single test-band RDT tests'''</br></span> <gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px heights=80px> File:RDT_single.jpg|<span style="font-size:90%"></span>|link={{filepath:RDT_single.jpg}} </gallery></br> <span style="font-size:90%">This test form...")
 
No edit summary
 
(70 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: none; border-width: 2px; border-color: gainsboro; color:black"
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px 1px 1px 1px); clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: gainsboro |'''TEST FORMATS'''
'''Navigation'''</br>
|}
<span style="font-size:90%">[[MalariaETC Index|Main Malaria Index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>[[Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs)|RDT main page]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>>This page: '''RDT Formats'''</span>
----
</br><span style="font-size:160%; color:navy">RDT Test Formats</br></span>
----


 
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; border-color:light gray"
<span style="font-size:90%">'''Single test-band RDT tests'''</br></span>
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: white"|<span style="color:navy></span>
<span style="font-size:100%">'''Single test-band RDT tests'''</br></span>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px heights=80px>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px heights=80px>
File:RDT_single.jpg|<span style="font-size:90%"></span>|link={{filepath:RDT_single.jpg}}
File:RDT_single.jpg|<span style="font-size:90%"></span>|link={{filepath:RDT_single.jpg}}
</gallery></br>
</gallery></br>


<span style="font-size:90%">This test format usually uses the HRP2 antigen to detect ''P.falciparum'' and offers particular advantages:</span>
<span style="font-size:90%">This test format usually uses species-specific antibodies, usually recognising ''P.falciparum'' (the HRP2 antigen or Pf-LDH). The format offers particular advantages:</span>
*<span style="font-size:90%">simplicity of interpretation  
*<span style="font-size:90%">Simple interpretation  
*<span style="font-size:90%">lower production cost
*<span style="font-size:90%">Lower production cost
*<span style="font-size:90%">stability for storage and transport
*<span style="font-size:90%">Stability (of HRP2) for storage and transport
*<span style="font-size:90%">valuable where a single malaria species dominates.
</br>
 
<span style="font-size:90%">'''Use:''' The single band test detecting only ''P.falciparum'' is very useful in Africa, since in many areas infections with this species account for more than 95% of malarial infection. The test is particularly useful in more remote areas where technical expertise in microscopy and/or interprtation may be less available. However, this is at the cost missing other species. For this reason their use is limited to certain regions (particularly sub-Saharan Africa) where ''P.falciparum'' is the dominant malarial species (>95% of infections).  
 
<span style="font-size:90%">'''Use:''' The single species test for ''P.falciparum'' is very useful in Africa areas where infections with this species account for more than 95% of infections and may be used where technical expertise is less available. However, this is at the cost missing less prevelant species, and the lack of a pan-malaria antibody means that cases with HRP2-gene delection may be missed.




Line 26: Line 30:
</gallery></br>
</gallery></br>


<span style="font-size:90%">These use two (or occasionally more) test bands together with a control band.</span>  
<span style="font-size:90%">These use two (or occasionally more) test bands together with a control band.</span></br>
 
<span style="font-size:90%">Most often one band is a species-specific antibody that identifies the dominant (or most important) species for the selected region (generally ''P.falciparum'' but in saome areas ''P.vivax''). The second band is most often a pan-malaria antibody.</br></br>
 
<span style="font-size:90%">The format offers advantages:</span>
</br>
*<span style="font-size:90%">It provides the capability to detect infection with a second species</span>
*<span style="font-size:90%">The pan malaria antibody can provide a "back up" if the first band fails
 
<span style="font-size:90%">However, the limitations of this test form must be understood by users. In particular the poor sensitivity of pan-malarial antibodies for some species (''P.ovale'' or ''P.malariae'').
 
----


<span style="font-size:90%">Most often one band is a species-specific antibody that identifies the dominant (or most important) species for the selected region. The second band generally employs a pan-malaria antibody that ''may' detect other species. The most frequent format is ''P.falciparum''-specific combined with a ''Pan-malaria-specific'' antibdy.</br></br> This format can be very effective providing its' limitations are understood by users. In particular the poor sensitivity of pan-malarial antibodies for some species.
<span style="font-size:90%">'''Additional note:'''</br>In some circumstances RDT tests have been adapted to overcome particular problems, some are described here:</br>[[Emerging strategies and options]]</span>

Latest revision as of 18:28, 22 March 2025

Navigation
Main Malaria Index
 >RDT main page
 >>This page: RDT Formats


RDT Test Formats

Single test-band RDT tests


This test format usually uses species-specific antibodies, usually recognising P.falciparum (the HRP2 antigen or Pf-LDH). The format offers particular advantages:

  • Simple interpretation
  • Lower production cost
  • Stability (of HRP2) for storage and transport


Use: The single band test detecting only P.falciparum is very useful in Africa, since in many areas infections with this species account for more than 95% of malarial infection. The test is particularly useful in more remote areas where technical expertise in microscopy and/or interprtation may be less available. However, this is at the cost missing other species. For this reason their use is limited to certain regions (particularly sub-Saharan Africa) where P.falciparum is the dominant malarial species (>95% of infections).


Multi-band RDT tests


These use two (or occasionally more) test bands together with a control band.

Most often one band is a species-specific antibody that identifies the dominant (or most important) species for the selected region (generally P.falciparum but in saome areas P.vivax). The second band is most often a pan-malaria antibody.

The format offers advantages:

  • It provides the capability to detect infection with a second species
  • The pan malaria antibody can provide a "back up" if the first band fails

However, the limitations of this test form must be understood by users. In particular the poor sensitivity of pan-malarial antibodies for some species (P.ovale or P.malariae).

Additional note:
In some circumstances RDT tests have been adapted to overcome particular problems, some are described here:
Emerging strategies and options

Retrieved from "https://haematologyetc.org/index.php?title=RDT_test:_formats_of_tests&oldid=3596"