Plasmodium malariae: Morphology: Difference between revisions
From MalariaETC
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| (37 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
|} | |} | ||
---- | ---- | ||
<span style="font-size:120%; color:black">''' | <span style="font-size:120%; color:black">''' ''Plasmodium malariae'' '''</br></span> | ||
<span style="font-size:90%">''P. malariae'' infection overlaps geographically with the distribution of ''P.falciparum'' in areas that include sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the western Pacific and in areas of the Amazon Basin of South America.</span> | |||
---- | ---- | ||
</br> | |||
</br><span style="font-size: | </br><span style="font-size:100%">'''The early trophozoite'''</span></br> | ||
<gallery mode="nolines" widths= | <gallery mode="nolines" widths=220px heights=220px> | ||
File: | File:PMETanno.jpg|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}} | ||
File:MET1g.jpg|link={{filepath:MET1g.jpg}} | File:MET1g.jpg|link={{filepath:MET1g.jpg}} | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| Line 23: | Line 21: | ||
<span style="font-size:90%">During this later growth stage the rings enlarge and begin to modify the erythrocyte, forming typical features of the species.</span> | <span style="font-size:90%">During this later growth stage the rings enlarge and begin to modify the erythrocyte, forming typical features of the species.</span> | ||
*Small but well-formed rings are typically seen | *<span style="font-size:90%">Small but well-formed rings are typically seen sometimes with a [[Central_chromatin_dot_1|central chromatin dot]] or elongation | ||
*Red cells are generally of normal size, though occasionally may have reduced volume | *<span style="font-size:90%">Red cells are generally of normal size, though occasionally may have reduced volume | ||
*Pigment will not generally be present at this developmental stage | *<span style="font-size:90%">Pigment will not generally be present at this developmental stage | ||
</br> | </br> | ||
'''GALLERY:''' | |||
[[P.malariae early trophozoites gallery|''P.malariae'' early trophozoites]] | |||
---- | ---- | ||
</br><span style="font-size:110%">'''The late trophozoite'''</span> | |||
</br><span style="font-size: | </br> | ||
<gallery mode="nolines" widths= | <gallery mode="nolines" widths=220px heights=220px> | ||
File: | File:PMLTanno.jpg|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}} | ||
File:PMLT2.jpg|link={{filepath:PMLT2.jpg}} | File:PMLT2.jpg|link={{filepath:PMLT2.jpg}} | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
<br clear=all> | <br clear=all> | ||
<span style="font-size:90%"> | <span style="font-size:90%">In this species the parasite form changes significantly as the mature, characteristically elongating or becoming more angular, red cells may often appear smaller though not distorted.</span> | ||
*Parasites | *<span style="font-size:90%">Parasites may be elongated, forming a [[Band_form_PM|band]] across the infected red cell | ||
*Red cells remain round, but [[size is often reduced]] | *<span style="font-size:90%">Others spread to form an [[Anglular_form_PM|angular or basket form]] within the red cell | ||
*cytoplasmic dots are uncommon but [[may be seen | *<span style="font-size:90%">Red cells remain round, but [[Size_and_shape_PM|red cell size is often reduced]] | ||
* | *<span style="font-size:90%">cytoplasmic dots are uncommon but [[Added_dots_PM|Ziemann's stippling]] may be seen | ||
*<span style="font-size:90%">Pigment can now be seen over the parasite surface | |||
</br> | </br> | ||
<div style="width: 350px"> | <div style="width: 350px"> | ||
'''GALLERY:''' | |||
[[P.malariae late trophozoites gallery|''P.malariae'' late trophozoites]] | |||
</div> | </div> | ||
---- | ---- | ||
</br><span style="font-size: | </br><span style="font-size:110%">'''The schizont'''</span></br> | ||
<gallery mode="nolines" widths= | <gallery mode="nolines" widths=220px heights=220px> | ||
File: | File:PMSanno.jpg|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}} | ||
File:PMS2.jpg|link={{filepath:PMS2.jpg}} | File:PMS2.jpg|link={{filepath:PMS2.jpg}} | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
<br clear=all> | <br clear=all> | ||
<span style="font-size:90%"> | <span style="font-size:90%">Often present in the blood, these small schizont forms may have species-specific features.</span> | ||
*<span style="font-size:90%"> | *<span style="font-size:90%">These are often seen in this species – the number of individual merozoites is often low (around 8) | ||
*<span style="font-size:90%">The central area of clumped [[Pigment_distribution_PM|pigment]] may have merozoites arranged to form a [[“daisy head” appearance]] | |||
*<span style="font-size:90%">[[ | *<span style="font-size:90%">At this stage the erythrocyte is devoid of haemoglobin and the small size is readily detected | ||
*<span style="font-size:90%"> | |||
</br> | </br> | ||
'''GALLERY:''' | |||
[[P.malariae schizont gallery|''P.malariae'' schizonts]] | |||
---- | |||
</br><span style="font-size: | </br><span style="font-size:110%">'''The gametocyte'''</span></br> | ||
<gallery mode="nolines" widths= | <gallery mode="nolines" widths=220px heights=220px> | ||
File: | File:PMGanno.jpg|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}} | ||
File:PMG2.jpg|link={{filepath:PMG2.jpg}} | File:PMG2.jpg|link={{filepath:PMG2.jpg}} | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
<br clear=all> | <br clear=all> | ||
<span style="font-size:90%">The sexual replication form | <span style="font-size:90%">The sexual replication form in this species tend to be small, neat, and round. | ||
</br> | </br> | ||
*<span style="font-size:90%"> | *<span style="font-size:90%">Gametocytes tend to be regular and round in shape. | ||
*<span style="font-size:90%"> | *<span style="font-size:90%">The parasites are small and do not generally fill the erythrocyte | ||
*<span style="font-size:90%"> | *<span style="font-size:90%">Haemoglobin is absent and scattered pigment overlies or surrounds the gametocyte | ||
</br> | </br> | ||
'''GALLERY:''' | |||
[[P.malariae gametocyte gallery|''P.malariae'' gametocytes]] | |||
'' | |||
---- | ---- | ||
Latest revision as of 18:03, 6 February 2025
| Navigation |
| >Main malaria Index |
| >Main Species identification page |
Plasmodium malariae
P. malariae infection overlaps geographically with the distribution of P.falciparum in areas that include sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the western Pacific and in areas of the Amazon Basin of South America.
The early trophozoite
During this later growth stage the rings enlarge and begin to modify the erythrocyte, forming typical features of the species.
- Small but well-formed rings are typically seen sometimes with a central chromatin dot or elongation
- Red cells are generally of normal size, though occasionally may have reduced volume
- Pigment will not generally be present at this developmental stage
GALLERY:
P.malariae early trophozoites
The late trophozoite
In this species the parasite form changes significantly as the mature, characteristically elongating or becoming more angular, red cells may often appear smaller though not distorted.
- Parasites may be elongated, forming a band across the infected red cell
- Others spread to form an angular or basket form within the red cell
- Red cells remain round, but red cell size is often reduced
- cytoplasmic dots are uncommon but Ziemann's stippling may be seen
- Pigment can now be seen over the parasite surface
GALLERY: P.malariae late trophozoites
The schizont
Often present in the blood, these small schizont forms may have species-specific features.
- These are often seen in this species – the number of individual merozoites is often low (around 8)
- The central area of clumped pigment may have merozoites arranged to form a “daisy head” appearance
- At this stage the erythrocyte is devoid of haemoglobin and the small size is readily detected
GALLERY:
P.malariae schizonts
The gametocyte
The sexual replication form in this species tend to be small, neat, and round.
- Gametocytes tend to be regular and round in shape.
- The parasites are small and do not generally fill the erythrocyte
- Haemoglobin is absent and scattered pigment overlies or surrounds the gametocyte
GALLERY:
P.malariae gametocytes