Gallery of schizonts: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 13:29, 17 March 2025

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Gallery of Schizonts

Schizont morphology is variable as they divide their chromatin into separate distinct separate masses (usually a schizont is defined by have more than two masses to distinguish them from rings that have double dots). This morphological variability then continues through successive divisions and maturation. Despite this however, some features such as erythocyte size and shape, added dots, pigment distribution and the number of merozoites present can still be useful (as can the fact that they are rarely seen in P.falciparum.

P.falciparum
Loose and often "tatty" appearances with 16 or more merozoites and clumped pigment when mature. Rare in blood as they sequester in tissues and circulating form may appear degenerate. Images show mature forms.

Variable merozoite number, clumped pigment
Degenerate small merozoite
Large merozoites
Large merozoites

"

P.vivax
Charactertically large and Schüffner's dots may be seen. The merozoites tend to pack the red cell with numbers up to 16-32 in mature merozoites. Pigment has diffuse distribution. Images show a maturing sequence.

Early form with separate chromatin but no individual merozoites
Similar to previous, note Schüffner's dots
Maturing form with separate merozoites
Large mature form, note patchy pigment

"

P.ovale
Share many features with P.vivax and may not be easy to distinguish, tend not to be as large with fewer merozoites (up to 16). Ovoid shape and fimbriation of red cells may be present together with James' dots. Pigment has a patchy distribution.

Early small form note James' dots
Early form, merozoites still form a single mass
Small mature form with separated merozoites
Mature larger form, note ovoid shape

"

P.malariae
Small and often neat parasites with few merozoites when mature (generally around 8-12). Often there is a central clump of pigment with merozoites arranged around this (daisy head appearance).

Early schizont with multiple chromatin dots
A daisy with merozoites around central pigment
A less well formed daisy, note small size
Late form prior to merozoite release

"

P.knowlesi
Similar in appearance to P.malariae. The forms tend to be small with relatively few merozoites present. Pigment tend to form a clump.

Early form with few chromatin masses
Almost a daisy with central clumped pigment
Prior to release of merozoites
Immediately before merozoite release

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 <span style="font-size:90%">>[[MalariaETC_Index|Main Malaria Index]]''</span></br>
 <span style="font-size:90%">>>[[Galleries|Galleries Index Page]]''</span></br>
-<span style="font-size:90%">>>>Current page: '''Gallery of late trophozoites'''</span>
+<span style="font-size:90%">>>>Current page: '''Gallery of schizonts'''</span>
 ----
-<span style="font-size:120%; color:navy">Gallery of Late Trophozoites</br></span>
+<span style="font-size:140%; color:navy">'''Gallery of Schizonts'''</br></span>
 </br>
-<span style="font-size:90%">Late trophozoites often have "species-specific" changes that affect parasite, red cell shape or added dots. These may be very helpful in assigning diagnosis, although not all changes are fully specific to a single species.</br></br>
+<span style="font-size:90%">Schizont morphology is variable as they divide their chromatin into separate distinct separate masses (usually a schizont is defined by have more than two masses to distinguish them from rings that have double dots). This morphological variability then continues through successive divisions and maturation. Despite this however, some features such as erythocyte size and shape, added dots, pigment distribution and the number of merozoites present can still be useful (as can the fact that they are rarely seen in ''P.falciparum''.</br></br>
 ----
 <span style="font-size:90%">''' ''P.falciparum'' '''</span></br>
-<span style="font-size:90%">The key features here are a slight thickening of ring forms but with the same appearances as early trophozoites. Additionally look for Maurer's dots and clefts appearning.</br>
+<span style="font-size:90%">Loose and often "tatty" appearances with 16 or more merozoites and clumped pigment when mature. Rare in blood as they sequester in tissues and circulating form may appear degenerate. Images show mature forms.</br>
 <gallery mode="nolines" heights=200px widths=200px>
-File:PFLT1p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Two parasites, Maurer's dots and clefts</span>|link={{filepath:PFLT1p.jpg}}
+File:PFS1p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Variable merozoite number, clumped pigment</span>|link={{filepath:PFS1p.jpg}}
-File:PFLT2p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Double dot form with Maurer's dots</span>|link={{filepath:PFLT2p.jpg}}
+File:PFS2p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Degenerate small merozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFS2p.jpg}}
-File:PFLT3p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Accolé and double dot forms</span>|link={{filepath:PFLT3p.jpg}}
+File:PFS3p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Large merozoites</span>|link={{filepath:PFS3p.jpg}}
-File:PFLT4p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Multiple parasite form</span>|link={{filepath:PFLT4p.jpg}}</gallery>"
+File:PFS4p.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Large merozoites</span>|link={{filepath:PFS4p.jpg}}</gallery>"
 ----
 <span style="font-size:95%">''' ''P.vivax'' '''</span></br>
-<span style="font-size:90%">Ring forms are replaced with irregular and "amoeboid" forms. Red cells and parasites become markedly larger with distortion of red cells as they develop. Schüffner's dots and pigment becomes prominent.
+<span style="font-size:90%">Charactertically large and Schüffner's dots may be seen. The merozoites tend to pack the red cell with numbers up to 16-32 in mature merozoites. Pigment has diffuse distribution. Images show a maturing sequence.
 <gallery mode="nolines" heights=200px widths=200px>
-File:PVLT1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Large very irregular ring, Schüffner's dots</span>|link={{filepath:PVLT1.jpg}}
+File:PVS5.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Early form with separate chromatin but no individual merozoites</span>|link={{filepath:PVS5.jpg}}
-File:PVLT2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Amoeboid parasite, distorted red cell</span>|link={{filepath:PVLT2.jpg}}
+File:PVS1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Similar to previous, note Schüffner's dots</span>|link={{filepath:PVS1.jpg}}
-File:PVLT3.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Aomeboid parasite, clumped pigment</span>|link={{filepath:PVLT3.jpg}}
+File:PVS2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Maturing form with separate merozoites</span>|link={{filepath:PVS2.jpg}}
-File:PVLT4.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Very large amoeboid form</span>|link={{filepath:PVLT4.jpg}}
+File:PVS3.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Large mature form, note patchy pigment</span>|link={{filepath:PVS3.jpg}}
 </gallery>"
 ----
 <span style="font-size:90%">''' ''P.ovale'' '''</span></br>
-<span style="font-size:90%">Cells and parasite enlarge, but ring form is often retained, red cells are a little enlarged with ovoid form and prominent James' dots.
+<span style="font-size:90%">Share many features with ''P.vivax'' and may not be easy to distinguish, tend not to be as large with fewer merozoites (up to 16). Ovoid shape and fimbriation of red cells may be present together with James' dots. Pigment has a patchy distribution.
 <gallery mode="nolines" heights=200px widths=200px>
-File:POLT1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Ring form retained, fimbriationa and dots</span>|link={{filepath:POLT1.jpg}}
+File:POS1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Early small form note James' dots</span>|link={{filepath:POS1.jpg}}
-File:POLT2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Ring form retained, ovoid red cell</span>|link={{filepath:POLT2.jpg}}
+File:POS3.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Early form, merozoites still form a single mass</span>|link={{filepath:POS3.jpg}}
-File:POLT5.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Solid parasite, red cell fimbriation ("comet form")</span>|link={{filepath:POLT5.jpg}}
+File:POS2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Small mature form with separated merozoites</span>|link={{filepath:POS2.jpg}}
-File:POLT4.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Solid parasite, red cell fimbriation</span>|link={{filepath:POLT4.jpg}}</gallery>"
+File:POS4.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Mature larger form, note ovoid shape</span>|link={{filepath:POS4.jpg}}</gallery>"
 ----
 <span style="font-size:90%">''' ''P.malariae'' '''</span></br>
-<span style="font-size:90%">Infected red cells may be infrequent. Parasites may become more solid and angular, or become elonagated and may extend across the red cell (band appearance). Red cells remain round and may be small, added dots (Ziemann's dots) are rarely seen.
+<span style="font-size:90%">Small and often neat parasites with few merozoites when mature (generally around 8-12). Often there is a central clump of pigment with merozoites arranged around this (daisy head appearance).
 <gallery mode="nolines" heights=200px widths=200px>
-File:PMLT1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Early elongated form, small red cell</span>|link={{filepath:PMLT1.jpg}}
+File:PMS1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Early schizont with multiple chromatin dots</span>|link={{filepath:PMS1.jpg}}
-File:PMLT2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">A full band across the red cells</span>|link={{filepath:PMLT2.jpg}}
+File:PMS2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">A daisy with merozoites around central pigment</span>|link={{filepath:PMS2.jpg}}
-File:PMLT3.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">An open angular parasite, note pigment</span>|link={{filepath:PMLT3g.jpg}}
+File:PMS3.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">A less well formed daisy, note small size</span>|link={{filepath:PMS3.jpg}}
-File:PMLT4.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Angularity form</span>|link={{filepath:PMLT4.jpg}}
+File:PMS4.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late form prior to merozoite release</span>|link={{filepath:PMS4.jpg}}
 </gallery>"
 ----
 <span style="font-size:90%">''' ''P.knowlesi'' '''</span></br>
-<span style="font-size:90%">Late trophozoite forms may still resemble ''P.falciparum'' but also develop features of ''P.malariae'', although number may be high and dots (Sinton and Mulligan's stippling) are more likely to be seen.
+<span style="font-size:90%">Similar in appearance to ''P.malariae''. The forms tend to be small with relatively few merozoites present. Pigment tend to form a clump.
 <gallery mode="nolines" heights=200px widths=200px>
-File:PKLT1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Mixed irregular rings sparse dots</span>|link={{filepath:PKLT1.jpg}}
+File:PKS3.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Early form with few chromatin masses</span>|link={{filepath:PKS3.jpg}}
-File:PKLT2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Elongated parasite forms</span>|link={{filepath:PKLT2.jpg}}
+File:PKS2.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Almost a daisy with central clumped pigment</span>|link={{filepath:PKS2.jpg}}
-File:PKLT3.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Solid and angular forms</span>|link={{filepath:PKLT3.jpg}}
+File:PKS1.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Prior to release of merozoites</span>|link={{filepath:PKS1.jpg}}
-File:PKLT4.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Mixed forms, dots and pigment</span>|link={{filepath:PKLT4.jpg}}
+File:PKS4.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Immediately before merozoite release</span>|link={{filepath:PKS4.jpg}}
 </gallery>
 ----

Gallery of schizonts: Difference between revisions

From MalariaETC

Latest revision as of 13:29, 17 March 2025