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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:130%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:black>'''Biology Quiz A Q3'''</span>
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:130%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:black>'''Biology Quiz A Q3'''</span>
</br><span style="font-size:90%">Both microscopy and RDT tests can be used to diagnose malaria, and the two test types are often used together. However, the tests are not identical in their characteristics and have different strengths and weaknesses.</span></br></br>
</br><span style="font-size:90%">The Schizont developmental stage is the asexual replication stage. Some trophozoites will develop into schizonts while other enter sexual development as gametocytes. During this stage the parasite undergoes a number of cycles of division to generate between 8 1n3 32 daughter parasites (1-3 on image) depending on species. The stage ends when the red cell membrane lyses releasing these daughter "merozoites" to enter other red cells (4&5 on image).</span></br></br>
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<quiz display=simple>


{<span style="font-size:90%">When comparing microscopy and RDT tests for malaria which of the following statements are correct? ('''select all true statements''')</br></br>
{<span style="font-size:90%">Concerning schizonts which statements are correct? ('''select all true statements''')</br></br>
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- <span style="font-size:90%">RDT gives superior species identification
- <span style="font-size:90%">The stage gives rise to gametocytes
+ <span style="font-size:90%">Microscopy is more sensitivity than RDT
+ <span style="font-size:90%">Schizont release causes pyrexia
+ <span style="font-size:90%">RDT provides a more rapid diagnosis
- <span style="font-size:90%">''P.malariae" typically forms 32 merozoites
+ <span style="font-size:90%">RDT may be preferred in some settings
+ <span style="font-size:90%">In ''P.falciparum'' they are rarely seen
- <span style="font-size:90%">RDT accurately assesses parasitaemia
+ <span style="font-size:90%">The stage is morphologically variable
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! colspan="1" | Explanation of correct answer (click "Expand")
! colspan="1" | Explanation of correct answer (click "Expand")
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|<span style="font-size:90%">''Short answer taken from section "Microscopy vs RDT" (see the section for full details and links).</br></br>''In ideal conditions a well-trained microscopist with experience in malaria, viewing a well-prepared thick blood film using a good quality microscope may detect with equal or better sensitivity than an RDT test.</span>
|<span style="font-size:90%">''Short answer taken from section "Schizont Biology" (see the section for full details and links).</br></br>''Schizonts make repeated cycles of asexual development to generate muliple daughter "merozoites". The number of replication cycles differs between species: the typical number of merozoites formed differs between species with as few as 8 (in ''P.malariae'') up to a possible 32 (in ''P.vivax''). This stage may not be seen in blood films: the schizonts of ''P.falciparum'' adhere within the small vessels so is not seen in blood unless infection is very severe.</br>This progressive maturation means that they have a wide range of morphological forms (as shown in the diagram at the top of this page). When the merozoites are released this exposes the body to large amounts of free parasite antigens and can result is an immune response causing high fever and illness symptoms. In some cases the development of parasites is synchronous so that all schizonts mature and release their merozoites at the same time - although rarely seen now, this pattern of development may produce a pattern of remitting fever with a distinct periodicity depending on species: underlying the older descriptive terms tertian or quartan malaria.</span>
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<span style="font-size:90%">In less ideal conditions where equipment, staining quality, or microscopic experience is less good, then RDTs may have equivalent or superior sensitivity to microscopy (including many malarial endemic regions where microscopy may be unavailable or where the sensitivity of microscopy is limited by training, equipment or facilities). RDTs aso provide a more rapid turnaround time allowing emergency use and rapid decision-making.</span>
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<span style="font-size:90%">For species identification thin films are preferred to thick films or RTDS (including mixed infections), as they also allow more accurate identification of sepecies and the % of infected red-cells (for ''P.falciparum'' or ''P.knowlesi'').</span>
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Latest revision as of 09:48, 21 March 2025

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Biology Quiz A Q3


The Schizont developmental stage is the asexual replication stage. Some trophozoites will develop into schizonts while other enter sexual development as gametocytes. During this stage the parasite undergoes a number of cycles of division to generate between 8 1n3 32 daughter parasites (1-3 on image) depending on species. The stage ends when the red cell membrane lyses releasing these daughter "merozoites" to enter other red cells (4&5 on image).

Concerning schizonts which statements are correct? (select all true statements)

The stage gives rise to gametocytes
Schizont release causes pyrexia
P.malariae" typically forms 32 merozoites
In P.falciparum they are rarely seen
The stage is morphologically variable


Explanation of correct answer (click "Expand")
Short answer taken from section "Schizont Biology" (see the section for full details and links).

Schizonts make repeated cycles of asexual development to generate muliple daughter "merozoites". The number of replication cycles differs between species: the typical number of merozoites formed differs between species with as few as 8 (in P.malariae) up to a possible 32 (in P.vivax). This stage may not be seen in blood films: the schizonts of P.falciparum adhere within the small vessels so is not seen in blood unless infection is very severe.
This progressive maturation means that they have a wide range of morphological forms (as shown in the diagram at the top of this page). When the merozoites are released this exposes the body to large amounts of free parasite antigens and can result is an immune response causing high fever and illness symptoms. In some cases the development of parasites is synchronous so that all schizonts mature and release their merozoites at the same time - although rarely seen now, this pattern of development may produce a pattern of remitting fever with a distinct periodicity depending on species: underlying the older descriptive terms tertian or quartan malaria.
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