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<span style="font-size:90%">[[MalariaETC Index|1. Main Malaria Index]]''</span></br>
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs)|2. RDT main page]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[MalariaETC Index|Main Malaria Index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">Current page: '''RDT Test Formats'''</span>
<span style="font-size:90%">>[[Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs)|RDT main page]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>>This page: '''RDT Formats'''</span>
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<span style="font-size:120%; color:black">'''DETAIL:'''</span></br><span style="font-size:160%; color:navy">RDT Test Formats</br></span>
</br><span style="font-size:160%; color:navy">RDT Test Formats</br></span>
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<span style="font-size:100%">'''Single test-band RDT tests'''</br></span>
<span style="font-size:100%">'''Single test-band RDT tests'''</br></span>
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<span style="font-size:90%">This test format usually uses a species specific antibody recognising ''P.falciparum'' (the HRP2 antigen or Pf-LDH). These tests detect infection by ''P.falciparum'' only. The format offers particular advantages:</span>
<span style="font-size:90%">This test format usually uses species-specific antibodies, usually recognising ''P.falciparum'' (the HRP2 antigen or Pf-LDH). The format offers particular advantages:</span>
*<span style="font-size:90%">Simple interpretation  
*<span style="font-size:90%">Simple interpretation  
*<span style="font-size:90%">lower production cost
*<span style="font-size:90%">Lower production cost
*<span style="font-size:90%">Stability (of HRP2) for storage and transport
*<span style="font-size:90%">Stability (of HRP2) for storage and transport
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<span style="font-size:90%">'''Use:''' The single band test detecting only ''P.falciparum'' is very useful in Africa, since in many areas infections with this species account for more than 95% of malarial infection. The test is very useful in more remote areas where technical expertise in microscopy and interprtation is often less available. However, this is at the cost missing other species. For this reason their use is limited to certain regions (particularly sub-Saharan Africa) where ''P.falciparum'' is dominant (>95% of infections).  
<span style="font-size:90%">'''Use:''' The single band test detecting only ''P.falciparum'' is very useful in Africa, since in many areas infections with this species account for more than 95% of malarial infection. The test is particularly useful in more remote areas where technical expertise in microscopy and/or interprtation may be less available. However, this is at the cost missing other species. For this reason their use is limited to certain regions (particularly sub-Saharan Africa) where ''P.falciparum'' is the dominant malarial species (>95% of infections).  




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<span style="font-size:90%">'''Additional note:'''</br>In some circumstances RDT tests have been adapted to overcome particular problems, some are described here:</br>[[Emerging strategies and options]]</span>
<span style="font-size:90%">'''Additional note:'''</br>In some circumstances RDT tests have been adapted to overcome particular problems, some are described here:</br>[[Emerging strategies and options]]</span>
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Latest revision as of 18:28, 22 March 2025

Navigation
Main Malaria Index
 >RDT main page
 >>This page: RDT Formats


RDT Test Formats

Single test-band RDT tests


This test format usually uses species-specific antibodies, usually recognising P.falciparum (the HRP2 antigen or Pf-LDH). The format offers particular advantages:

  • Simple interpretation
  • Lower production cost
  • Stability (of HRP2) for storage and transport


Use: The single band test detecting only P.falciparum is very useful in Africa, since in many areas infections with this species account for more than 95% of malarial infection. The test is particularly useful in more remote areas where technical expertise in microscopy and/or interprtation may be less available. However, this is at the cost missing other species. For this reason their use is limited to certain regions (particularly sub-Saharan Africa) where P.falciparum is the dominant malarial species (>95% of infections).


Multi-band RDT tests


These use two (or occasionally more) test bands together with a control band.

Most often one band is a species-specific antibody that identifies the dominant (or most important) species for the selected region (generally P.falciparum but in saome areas P.vivax). The second band is most often a pan-malaria antibody.

The format offers advantages:

  • It provides the capability to detect infection with a second species
  • The pan malaria antibody can provide a "back up" if the first band fails

However, the limitations of this test form must be understood by users. In particular the poor sensitivity of pan-malarial antibodies for some species (P.ovale or P.malariae).

Additional note:
In some circumstances RDT tests have been adapted to overcome particular problems, some are described here:
Emerging strategies and options

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